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It started in front of the Swedish parliament, on 20 August - a regular school day. Greta Thunberg sat with her painted sign and some homemade flyers. This was the first school climate strike. Fridays wouldn't be regular schooldays any longer. The rest of us, and many more alongside us, picked it up in Australia, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, New Zealand, Uganda. Today the climate strike will take place all around the world.
This movement had to happen, we didn't have a choice. We knew there was a climate crisis. Not just because forests in Sweden or in the US had been on fire; because of alternating floods and drought in Germany and Australia; because of the collapse of alpine faces due to melting permafrost and other climate changes. We knew, because everything we read and watched screamed out to us that something was very wrong.
That first day of refusing to go to school was spent alone, but since then a movement of climate strikers has swept the globe. Today young people in more than 100 countries will walk out of class to demand action on the greatest threat humankind has ever faced.
These strikes are happening today - from Washington DC to Moscow, Tromso to Invercargill, Beirut to Jerusalem, and Shanghai to Mumbai - because politicians have failed us. We've seen years of negotiations, pathetic deals on climate change, fossil fuel companies being given free rein to carve open our lands, drill beneath our soils and burn away our futures for their profit. We've seen fracking, deep sea drilling and coalmining continue. Politicians have known the truth about climate change and they've willingly handed over our future to profiteers whose search for quick cash threatens our very existence.
This movement had to happen, we didn't have a choice. Last year's UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's special report on global warming could not have been clearer about the extreme dangers of going beyond 1.5C of global warming. To have any chance of avoiding that extreme danger emissions must drop rapidly - so that by the time we will be in our mid- and late-20s we are living in a transformed world.
The students who are striking in cities, towns and villages around the world are uniting behind the science. We are only asking that our leaders to do the same.
If those in power today don't act, it will be our generation who will live through their failure. Those who are under 20 now could be around to see 2080, and face the prospect of a world that has warmed by up to 4C. The effects of such warming would be utterly devastating. Rivers would flood, storms would wreak havoc on coastal communities and coral reefs would be eliminated. Melting polar ice caps would lead to dramatically higher sea levels, flooding coastal areas. Places on Earth will become uninhabitable.
Scientists have also shown us that burning fossil fuels is "the world's most significant threat to children's health". Nine out of every 10 children around the world are breathing dangerous air. Our lives are being compromised before we are born. Toxic particles from exhaust fumes pass through the lungs of pregnant women and accumulate in the placenta. The risk of premature birth, low birth weight and cognitive dysfunction this causes is a public health catastrophe. Pollution from diesel vehicles is stunting the growth of our lungs, leaving us damaged for life. Toxic air from burning fossil fuels is choking not only our lungs but our hopes and dreams.
And the worst effects of climate change are disproportionately felt by our most vulnerable communities. This is not just about cutting down emissions, but about equity - the system we have right now is failing us, working only for the rich few. The luxury so few of us enjoy in the global north is based on the suffering of people in the global south.
We have watched as politicians fumble, playing a political game rather than facing the facts that the solutions we need cannot be found within the current system. They don't want to face the facts - we need to change the system if we are to try to act on the climate crisis.
This movement had to happen, we didn't have a choice.
This movement had to happen, we didn't have a choice. The vast majority of climate strikers taking action today aren't allowed to vote. Imagine for a second what that feels like. Despite watching the climate crisis unfold, despite knowing the facts, we aren't allowed to have a say in who makes the decisions about climate change. And then ask yourself this: wouldn't you go on strike too, if you thought doing so could help protect your own future?
So today we walk out of school, we quit our college lessons, and we take to the streets to say enough is enough. Some adults say we shouldn't be walking out of classes - that we should be "getting an education". We think organising against an existential threat - and figuring out how to make our voices heard - is teaching us some important lessons.
Other adults keep saying: "We owe it to the young people to give them hope." But we don't want your hope. We don't want you to be hopeful. We want you to panic and we want you to take action. We want you to join us.
We've relied on adults to make the right decisions to ensure that there is a future for the next generation - surely we don't have all the answers. But what we do know is that we need to keep fossil fuels in the ground, phase out subsidies for dirty energy production, seriously invest in renewables and start asking difficult questions about how we structure our economies and who is set to win and who is set to lose.
And we are no longer alone. Tens of thousands of scientists from around the world have released statements in support of the strikes by children. The scientists have been very clear about what we need to do to tackle climate change. We are uniting behind the scientists. We are only asking that our leaders do the same.
It is so important that this happens now. The kind of changes that need to happen mean everyone recognising that this is a crisis and committing to radical transformations. We strongly believe that we can fight off the most damaging effects of climate change - but we have to act now.
There is no grey area when it comes to survival. There's no less bad option. That's why young people are striking in every corner of the globe, and it's why we are asking that older people join us on the streets too. When our house is burning we cannot just leave it to the children to pour water on the flames - we need the grownups to take responsibility for sparking the blaze in the first place. So for once, we're asking grownups to follow our lead: we can't wait any longer.
This movement had to happen. And now, you adults have a choice.
Authors are: Greta Thunberg is a youth climate strike leader in Sweden, Anna Taylor in the UK, Luisa Neubauer in Germany, Kyra Gantois, Anuna De Wever and Adelaide Charlier in Belgium, Holly Gillibrand in Scotland, and Alexandria Villasenor in USA.
More than 40 years after Wallace Smith Broecker published his landmark 1975 paper 'Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?' the world is still to set into action a global plan to prevent climate chaos.
While close to 200 countries reached the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015 and adopted a set of rules governing climate action at the UN climate talks in Katowice (COP24) last December, they have so far failed to commit to accelerated climate action.
This ongoing political inaction is what drives the burgeoning school climate strikes inspired by Swedish girl Greta Thunberg, who boldly warned leaders at COP24 that "people will not wait for change, we will tell them change is coming".
But Broecker -who passed away in a New York City hospital this week at the age of 87 - did not get to see the concerted climate action he called for throughout much of his working life.
In the 1970s, when Broecker correctly predicted that rising carbon dioxide emissions would lead to atmospheric warming - and in doing so broke with now famously incorrect predictions of global cooling - the impacts of climate change were not yet visible.
Throughout the 1980s, as the scientific consensus on global warming increased and other leading scientists such asJames Hansen called for political action, governments debated and discussed the threat of climate change.
At the same time, sceptics and fossil fuel companies consistently sowed doubt about climate science and sought to undermine solutions.
Talk and political inaction has followed in the two decades since, while temperatures have continued to rise. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has said the 20 warmest years on record have occurred in the past 22 years.The past four years have been the world's warmest.
The result is that the effects of this warming are now visible and weather extremes experienced around the world are being increasingly linked to climate change.
This year has kicked off where 2018 ended, with extreme weather in many parts of the world - record heat, wildfires and rainfall in South America and Australasia, dangerous and extreme cold in North America and heavy snowfall in the Alps and Himalayas.
Climate change is the greatest threat humanity has faced and the urgency of action has never been greater. Last October, the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned that we have just 12 years left to save the climate.
But there is hope. The inspirational climate strikes fromGreta Thunberg andAlexandria Villasenor in the US and many others like them show the kind of resolve and sense of purpose required. The youth suing their governments in the US and Germany are also leading the way.
Now, in the lead-up to an international school climate strike on March 15, we must all show solidarity to the youth taking action.
It must not be left to the young to clean up the climate mess older generations have created. There is still time to avert chaos, but it requires the world's politicians and corporations to accept and embrace the responsibility of action.
Though toxic algae blooms like this occur naturally, they have grown in frequency and intensity in recent years, with elevated water temperatures from climate change being one of many likely reasons. (c) Steve Nesius
The equation is simple, the challenge is great, but the possibilities endless. Global CO2 emissions can and must be halved by 2030 before falling to net zero by 2050 at the latest.
Although leaders failed to commit to heightened climate action at COP24 - just two months after the IPCC's dire warning - they can rectify that failure now and in the lead-up to the UN Secretary-General's Climate Summit in September by ramping up action.
As the new generation walks out of school and takes to the streets carrying forth the warnings of climate science forerunners such as Broecker, it's time our politicians showed the same courage and vision and acted in solidarity with them. The time is now and we still have time, but only just.
She's just 13 years old, but she's "a threat."
That's climate activist Alexandria Villasenor, who explained in an interview Friday morning, "My generation is going to have to live in a climate-changed world, and the fact that nothing was done in order to make sure that we don't live in planetary catastrophe--it's very disappointing and it's upsetting."
A recent New York City transplant, Villasenor--taking inspiration from Swedish teen Greta Thunberg--has been standing in front of the United Nations every Friday for 11 weeks. She's also co-leading the U.S. Youth Climate Strike movement, which is organizing to get thousands of students to take part in a global day of climate action on March 15.
In a tweet sent following her interview with CBS News, the teenager appeared shocked that she had actually gone on national television and "told all the adults in America that they are threatened by us!"
In fact, "yes, you are a threat," responded author and climate activist Naomi Klein, "because believing climate science means embracing deep change to a way of life that has long been equated with freedom and power (but is, in fact, a straight shot to utter powerlessness and loss of freedom)."
So strong clear. And yes, you are a threat because believing climate science means embracing deep change to a way of life that has long been equated with freedom and power (but is, in fact, a straight shot to utter powerlessness and loss of freedom) https://t.co/4QDCwt049u
-- Naomi Klein (@NaomiAKlein) February 22, 2019
To those who criticize the young activists and may not believe in climate science, she said they "find it very threatening to their beliefs."
She does, however, have the support of her parents. "If I'm not going to have a future then school won't matter because we're going to be running from disasters. We're not going to have time to go to school because our house will be ruined by the latest hurricane, and they understand that this is important to my generation because we're going to have to live in this world."
To avert such disasters, U.S. Climate Strike is demanding that lawmakers implement the recently-introduced Green New Deal and that world leaders keep global warming under 1.5 degrees Celsius.
\u201cWEEK 11 of my @UN #ClimateStrike in NYC! First I went to @CBSNews, then to the @unfoundation - but THIS is the most important action of my day! @GretaThunberg started the hashtag #WhateverItTakes, and we must do Whatever It Takes to #ActOnClimate! #SchoolStrike4Climate @350 @NRDC\u201d— Alexandria Villase\u00f1or is at #COP27! (@Alexandria Villase\u00f1or is at #COP27!) 1550857039
She concluded the interview with a message for climate science deniers: "To quote Greta, change is coming whether you like it or not."
Villasenor and fellow youth activists want to make sure that happens.
Thousands of young feet have been hitting the pavement to highlight the urgency of the climate crisis with Friday climate strikes, and Thunberg has been documenting the spreading movement she catalyzed. She also joined thousands of student marchers in Paris on Friday.
\u201cMassive! Thousands of students marching on the streets of #Paris, joined by @GretaThunberg & tens of thousands around the world. \n\nThe youth are rising & they want our future back.\n\n#ActOnClimate #climat #climate #energy #FridaysForFuture #climatestrike \ud83d\udcf7 via @gloriamika\u201d— Mike Hudema (@Mike Hudema) 1550851501
With the ongoing strikes, including the upcoming global coordinated actions, "I think what we are seeing is the beginning of great changes and that is very hopeful," she recently told the Guardian.
Aaron Gray-Block, a climate communications specialist with Greenpeace International, agrees. He writes Friday:
The inspirational climate strikes from Greta Thunberg and Alexandria Villasenor in the U.S. and many others like them show the kind of resolve and sense of purpose required. The youth suing their governments in the U.S. and Germany are also leading the way.
Now, in the lead-up to an international school climate strike on March 15, we must all show solidarity to the youth taking action.
"It must not be left to the young to clean up the climate mess older generations have created," he adds. "There is still time to avert chaos, but it requires the world's politicians and corporations to accept and embrace the responsibility of action."