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"With the country in turmoil over racial injustice, a public health crisis and devastating job losses, it should be no surprise that journalists are caught up in the tumult," Washington Post media writer Margaret Sullivan recently noted in a column headlined "What's a journalist supposed to be now--an activist? A stenographer? You're asking the wrong question." To Sullivan the "core question" is this: "What journalism best serves the real interests of American citizens?"
New York Times media writer Ben Smith also weighed in. America's "biggest newsrooms are trying to find common ground between a tradition that aims to persuade the widest possible audience that its reporting is neutral and journalists who believe that fairness on issues from race to Donald Trump requires clear moral calls," Smith noted, before declaring that this "shift in mainstream American media--driven by a journalism that is more personal, and reporters more willing to speak what they see as the truth without worrying about alienating conservatives--now feels irreversible."
It wasn't always this way...
Decades ago, pioneering journalists like Danny Schechter took a stance toward such then-controversial topics as apartheid in South Africa and human rights abuses around the world. It led to his being branded with a metaphoric scarlet letter--"A" for Advocate. As one of the first to marry the two, Schechter often faced scorn for combining journalistic endeavors with advocacy and activism in support of causes for the social good. While at CNN and later ABC News, he pushed against the constraints of cable and broadcast news. He left ABC to partner in the independent production company Globalvision and began producing programming about such controversial topics as apartheid in South Africa and human rights abuses around the world.
The growing acceptance of journalist as activists is one welcome outcome of the current protests. That's why the board of The Global Center, a non-profit educational foundation dedicated to developing socially responsible media, is proud to announce Native American leader Winona LaDuke as the recipient of the fifth DANNY Award, which honors the life and work of the late Danny "The News Dissector" Schechter. The DANNY is given each year to those who best emulate Schechter's practice of combining excellent journalism with committed social activism. Previous winners include Jose Antonio Vargas, Patrice O'Neill, the reporters and editors of the Eagle Eye, the student newspaper of Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, and Wikileaks founder Julian Assange. The award is bestowed annually by The Global Center and includes a $3,000 grant to support the honoree's work.
An environmentalist, economist, author and activist, LaDuke has already published six non-fiction books and has a new one, To be A Water Protector, coming out this fall. (She's also written Last Standing Woman, a novel about an American Indian reservation's struggle to restore its culture.) A graduate of Harvard University, LaDuke has long worked in Native and community-based organizing and groups. In 1985, for example, she helped establish the Indigenous Women's Network, dedicated to "generating a global movement that achieves sustainable change for our communities," and later, with the proceeds of a human rights award, founded the White Earth Land Recovery Project to help the Anishinaabeg Indians regain possession of their original land base.
In the 1990s LaDuke became involved with the Green Party and was presidential candidate Ralph Nader's running mate in both the 1996 and 2000 elections. Today she is the executive director of Honor the Earth, a Native environmental advocacy organization she co-founded in 1993 with the folk-rock duo, the Indigo Girls.The organization played an active role in the Dakota Access Pipeline protests and remains a key opponent to proposals by the Canadian multinational corporation Enbridge to bring more tar sands to the United States. LaDuke continues to write and speak in support of water protectors and in opposition to other pipelines and mega projects near Native land and waters.
Among her many previous honors and awards, LaDuke was chosen by TIME magazine as one of America's fifty most promising leaders under forty years of age; won aReebok Human Rights Award and a Thomas Merton Award; was named the Ms. Magazine Woman of the Year for her work with Honor the Earth; and has been inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.
Whether or not activism and journalism should mix remains controversial, but in the face of allegations of "fake news," the invention of "alternative facts," charges that the news media is an "enemy of the people," and outright police assaults on reporters covering protests, it has increasingly become embraced by professional practitioners. As Matt Pearce of the Los Angeles Times noted, "Journalism *is* activism in its most basic form." Wesley Lowery, who quit his reporting job at the Washington Post in a dispute over his own activism, says the core value of news organizations "needs to be the truth, not the perception of objectivity." America's "view-from-nowhere, 'objectivity'-obsessed, both-sides journalism is a failed experiment," he believes. "We need to rebuild our industry as one that operates from a place of moral clarity." A NewsGuild spokesperson added, "When people in power are sowing doubt about basic facts, journalism looks like activism." And Lowery concludes, "Journalists perform acts of activism every day. Any good journalist is an activist for truth, in favor of transparency, on the behalf of accountability."
Danny Schechter knew from firsthand experience that the commercial media world was not open to such coverage. So he offered it instead to public television. Rather than being welcomed there, however, he was told by top PBS executives that opposition to the racist regime in South Africa was too controversial and that human rights was "an insufficient organizing principle" for a television program. The PBS reaction, combined with deceitful right-wing protests, led to being told that advocacy on behalf of human rights meant that he wasn't a journalist at all.
Sadly, such views are still prevalent in today's media world. But as the pace of change within the field of journalism continues to accelerate, many are raising questions about the role of advocacy and the concept of objectivity. More and more, journalists with strong points of view are giving us news and insights we can't find elsewhere. Should we even bother trying to distinguish between so-called "objective" journalism and advocacy? Many experts say the answer is no.
"I am enough of a traditionalist that I don't like to see mainstream reporters acting like partisans--for example, by working on political campaigns," says the WaPo's Sullivan. "But it's more than acceptable that they should stand up for civil rights--for press rights, for racial justice, for gender equity and against economic inequality."
"We might have passed the point where we can talk about objectivity in journalism with a straight face," Patricia Aufderheide, founder of the Center for Media & Social Impact at American University, has noted. "Objectivity was always a shortcut. It was a useful little shortcut of a concept to say you should be fair, you should be honest, you should have integrity, you should tell people accurately and responsibly what you think are the important things about what you saw or researched. If what we're doing is advocating for the public, that's our job."
And if a piece of journalism "isn't advocacy, it isn't journalism," declares Jeff Jarvis, Director of Tow-Knight Center for Entrepreneurial Journalism at CUNY's Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism. "Isn't advocacy on behalf of principles and the public the true test of journalism? The choices we make about what to cover and how we cover it and what the public needs to know are acts of advocacy on the public's behalf. Don't we believe that we act in their interest? After all, what is a journalist, if not an advocate on behalf of the public?"
Perhaps the last word for now should go to someone who epitomizes the so-called "mainstream media," Times publisher A. G. Sulzberger. While "we're not retreating from the principles of independence and objectivity," he told Ben Smith, "we don't pretend to be objective about things like human rights and racism."
Sounds like journalism and activism to me.
What I'll always remember most about Danny Schechter, besides his friendship, was his passionate commitment to democratic principles--in every field from politics and economics to journalism and culture--and his amazing energy for brainstorming creative ideas.
What I'll always remember most about Danny Schechter, besides his friendship, was his passionate commitment to democratic principles--in every field from politics and economics to journalism and culture--and his amazing energy for brainstorming creative ideas.
I met Danny in 1988, when I was working with a group of Rutgers University students to organize a national conference whose goal was to try to start a new SDS-type, mass-based, democratically structured, multi-issue national student activist group. The project's main advisor was the late, great activist Abbie Hoffman, an old friend of Danny's. It was Abbie who had suggested that our Rutgers group invite Danny to be a key panelist at the conference. Throughout the years since that conference, I saw Danny dozens or maybe hundreds of times at political and cultural events, most recently at a number of Occupy Wall Street rallies, and we kept in touch often by emails and occasional restaurant meals.
Well-known journalists have documented Danny's incredible influence on progressive media through the years, beginning with his years as a Boston radio DJ during the Vietnam era, critiquing the war and other events of the day using the poetic nickname, "Danny Schechter, the News Dissector." It was not surprising that Danny had a penchant for poetic phrasing. His mother, Ruth, had been a well-published poet with about 10 books out, and Danny used to enjoy sending me samples of his mother's poems through the years that he knew I would appreciate.
In all of his work, he combined an artistic and strategic sensibility toward the purpose of deepening democracy, both at home and abroad. The weekly news show that he produced from apartheid South Africa, "South Africa Now," shone a brilliant spotlight on that country's extreme injustice, including its overtly racist social policies and its explicit media censorship. Those weekly shows, broadcasting news not seen anywhere else in the U.S., usually ended with a culture segment, highlighting some of the best music and poetry from contemporary South Africa. Danny's anti-apartheid work was furthered when he worked with Steve van Zandt and Artists United Against Apartheid to help put together the powerful group video about Sun City--a idea for musical collaboration that would take off in future projects like "We Are the World--, and it was fitting that Danny became the main film-maker from the U.S. asked to help document Nelson Mandela's post-apartheid work, including Mandela's first trip to America. It is significant to note that, here in the example of the anti-apartheid movement, we can see a case where activists and artists, working together, in South Africa and in solidarity around the globe, were able to achieve a major political victory in toppling the racist apartheid system.
Danny's other TV and film work--from his weekly international human rights television show to his documentary film about the media's role in facilitating the Iraq war, "Weapons of Mass Deception," and to his film about the Chinese government's repression of the Falun Gong movement--were always first-rate; as were his books, including The More You Watch, The Less You Know. The latter was an inventive, genre-breaking mix of biography and media criticism, including critiques of a mainstream media that he had once worked with as a "20/20" producer and as part of the founding producers of CNN. With Danny's many independent film and TV projects after he left ABC and CNN, it was clear that the more you watched the more you knew.
Danny was as prolific as anyone I have ever met. Somehow, amid his many film and book projects, he even found the time to keep up with the evolving technology of the internet, helping to create mediachannel.org, where he wrote a daily News Dissector blog presenting some of the most incisive commentary found anywhere online or in print on contemporary politics, economics, and the media. (I was an occasional contributor of poems and letters to that site.) On that site, Danny was way ahead of the curve on a wide range of issues: from issues of war and peace to the Bush-era Wall Street economic bust and mortgage foreclosure crisis, about which he called for the busting of at least some of those executives responsible for the many ways in which average Americans were being robbed of their housing and savings because of Wall Street's endlessly grinding greed.
I'm not sure how many of Danny's journalist friends knew about his love for poetry, especially socially engaged poetry. Given his poetic upbringing, it was not surprising that Danny was also an old friend of the poet, Allen Ginsberg, who was a onetime teacher and longtime friend of mine. When I was working with Allen's assistants, Bob Rosenthal and Peter Hale, and the poet, Ed Sanders, to organize a large tribute for Allen at New York City's St. John the Divine Cathedral in 1998 (one year after Allen's death), Bob, Peter and I met with Danny several times to brainstorm ideas for the event, including to think about which activist groups we should invite to table at the event. The event itself, attended by over 2,500 people, coincidentally turned out to take place on the same night that the last episode of the TV show, "Seinfeld," was being aired. On the same late afternoon in which a long line of people were lining up outside St. John the Divine Cathedral to get into the Ginsberg tribute, another long line of people on a nearby block were lining up to get into Tom's Diner to watch that last episode from one of the show's popular filming locations. Danny, humorous and fast on his feet as always, took the occasion to add some improvisation to his prepared speech, including comparing Ginsberg, a poet who wrote about everything, to a TV show that was infamously self-billed as being about nothing (not that there's anything wrong with that).
Danny's political imagination was legendary. And sometimes, rumor had it, he had a legendary temper with his staff. Because of that temper, Danny might not win many elections to sainthood, but he was easily one of the most important media makers, media activists, and media critics of our time.
At idea-related meetings that I was part of, Danny would rarely limit his brainstorming creativity to the narrow subject at hand. One of the ideas that Danny suggested during our meetings about organizing a large public tribute event for Allen Ginsberg was that a documentary film should be made about Allen's signal poem, "Howl," in what would be the first major film that focused in on a single American poem. Danny's idea was that the film could explore the making and meaning of the poem, as well as the enormous influence of the poem on the culture and political activism of the 1960s and on all future generations since. In the end, Danny didn't find the time to make the film, but a film about "Howl" was indeed made by two well-known West Coast filmmakers. A docudrama with James Franco doing a good job of playing Allen, that film turned out to be a different kind of film than the documentary Danny had hoped to make, which would have looked at the poem's impact through ensuing decades, but it was still interesting and important as the first widely distributed full-length film about a U.S. writer's poem. Not very many people know the back-story that the film, "Howl: The Movie," originated as Danny's idea, and my guess is that there are probably at least dozens, if not hundreds, of other activist and cultural projects that sprang originally from Danny's inspiring imagination.
To advance a more deeply democratic politics and culture will require a wide variety of roles and contributions--some individual, some collective, some from behind a keyboard or a canvass or a movie camera and others from organizing meeting rooms and from the streets. As both an incredibly productive journalist and a highly strategic activist, Danny contributed in more roles than most--as a News Dissector, Democracy Projector, Rally Organizer, Culture Distributor, and more. Like so many around the world, I will really miss Danny Schechter's voice, his sense of humor, his friendship, and his unending passion for a deeper democracy.
[CD Editor's Note: While we mourn Thursday's passing of our friend and longtime contributor Danny Schechter, we celebrate his life and work today by offering this selection as a testimony to the power of his masterful ability to cut through current events with a wisdom honed by the past and an optimistic commitment to the future. If time allows in your day, dear reader, take the time to go through the scores of Schechter's other columns in our archive to see just a small portion of the wider body of work to which he dedicated his life. From his peristent role as a both a producer and critic of media to his commitment to peace and justice, Danny offered all of us an uncanny window into the mind of a person who chronicled the late 20th- and early 21st Century with equal shares of reverence for craft, rebelliousness of spirit, and deep caring for others. The following selection was originally published on March 30, 2014.]
Where are you, Temptations, when I need you most?
I needed that Motown spirit again to bolster me in this month of the missing American Spring of 2014. I am still barely singing along to their hit "My Girl:"
I've got sunshine on a cloudy day
When it's cold outside
I've got the month of May
The month of May is here and will soon be gone, with a May winter every other day here in New York following every occasional outbreak of seasonal warmth. We know the planet is warming, but I have yet to feel it with any regularity in my neighborhood.
Worse that that, the cold outside is not just the zigzagging temperatures, but the sense that we are stuck in a political Ice Age where change of the kind that we will soon be discussing, again and again, ad finitem, at yet another Left forum is more remote than ever. While the Left talks, the Right mobilizes, certainly in Europe, save austerity-devastated Greece.
Here, the Tea Party wing nuts have all but conquered the Repugs, bolstered by new court rulings that allow their funders to buy what's still on sale in our political oligarchy in this Republic of Fear.
The Obamanauts are done. They can't steer the ship of state. They are even website-challenged and health care-damaged. Their Ukraine adventure boomeranged, leaving only half a country that needs to render unto Putin more than chocolate. They have driven the bear into his own China pivot, far more lucrative than ours, with warning bells now ringing on every front as the president still yearns for an American "exceptionalism" that is anything but, if not a mirage.
Their co-optation was a willing one, part of the game, and no longer even apologized for. Forget the Hopium. There is always a threat from the right to justify their moving right.
Who, among us, still has illusions?
Even as the spying goes on, sucking up and storing all the big data it can find, the corporations are now out-hoovering the NSA, better to manipulate the marketplace, that is, if the consumertariat has any money left to spend.
We have just passed a turning point with student debt pulling past mortgage debt in the race to the bottom.
"I know all this easy is for me to say. All I seem to have these days is this keyboard to crank out more condemnations and calls to action, knowing full well, as I do it, that I don't know what else to do. I am compelled to make media, compelled to do what I can, thinking modestly that perhaps somewhere, in hearts I don't know, words or images can still stir souls to rise."
Now, even as Snowden boasts he was a spy, not a little guy, and wants to come home, the government is outing its own, beating Wikileaks to the punch.
You can't make this up.
Here, meet our super spook station chief.
Oops!
It's hard to keep a good conspiracy theory going when the espionage business seems to be having such hard times too, caught up in its own Dante-like circles of paranoia, unable to forecast much and doomed to making old mistakes.
There are more mathematicians on the payroll at Fort Meade spy central than ever but what is it adding up to: more scoops for Glenn Greenwald & Co. and more displays of craven collusion by his puffed up critics in the increasingly detestable press?
For a corrective, listen to James Howard Kuntsler, who likes to delve into what he calls the "Deep State:"
I like to say that I'm allergic to conspiracy theories because human beings are generally too inept to carry out schemes at the grand scale, as well as being poor secret-keepers. Insider knowledge is almost always swapped around, even in secretive organizations, often recklessly so, because doling it out confers status, tactical advantage, and sometimes money for the doler-outer. But the Deep State isn't a secret. It operates in plain sight...
It's worse than ever, especially having engaged in two major fiascos on Asian soil the past decade, pointless escapades that cost the lives of 8,000 soldiers in action, many more maimed for life, and in suicides of servicemen returning home in despair to a spavined economy and the manifold indignities of a cruel and incompetent veterans' bureaucracy completely unable to care for their needs.
Besides wishing I could write like that, I have to acknowledge that he sees how bad it is, and that it is becoming worse, especially when you factor in climate change and planetary peril. What problems are being solved? How many new operating systems do we need for our Iphones? What will Apple's acquisition of Beats do for our culture except give us new ways to surround our brains with richer sound to keep us from feeling the pain?
Whatever happened to technologies that liberate the human spirit?
I want to feel hopeful, but as I look around, it's harder and harder to feel optimistic, expert perhaps to cheer on what resistance we see among fast food workers, and others trying to save the internet from the deals that have gone down or are about to go down.
A wise man once asked, "What is to be done?" Good question, still.
We can't give up. We know the state, deep or not, is cracking, but will it crack before we do?
We know the ice is melting, and the politicians are lying, while so many of us are sighing, but with plenty of fight still in us.
As the surveillance state watches us, we have to return the favor and watch it more closely.
Has the time for a new upsurge come? Or was the Egypt Spring the ultimate warning of how easily the muscle men in the shadows can turn it all around, no matter the cost in lives and possibility?
Sometimes, the fight back doesn't happen until it's almost too late, until the obscenity of it all is too much to take, or rationalize.
I know all this easy is for me to say. All I seem to have these days is this keyboard to crank out more condemnations and calls to action, knowing full well, as I do it, that I don't know what else to do. I am compelled to make media, compelled to do what I can, thinking modestly that perhaps somewhere, in hearts I don't know, words or images can still stir souls to rise.
Somehow, even as I age, I've still got sunshine on a cloudy day.