elephants
Advocates 'Crushed' That Biden Import Rules Don't Ban Elephant Trophies
The new restrictions will do nothing to solve "a devastating biodiversity crisis that requires an elephant-sized response," said one campaigner.
Biodiversity advocates said Friday that the Biden administration had taken "a major step back from true conservation accountability" as it announced new restrictions on imports of elephant hunting trophies—restrictions that did not go as far as banning them outright.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) said it was strengthening the African elephant rule under Section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act, requiring countries to annually certify that their elephant populations are "biologically sustainable" and that habitats for the animals are stable. The U.S. will continue importing trophies and live elephants from countries that prove sustainability.
The restrictions also require countries to have domestic wildlife laws that meet the requirements of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), but that provision doesn't go into effect until 2026.
The restrictions could eliminate trophy imports from Botswana, Mozambique, and Zambia, which currently have national legislation that may not meet CITES requirements.
A previous proposal from the administration in 2022 required that elephant populations were "stable or increasing" in countries in order for imports to continue.
Tanya Sanerib, international legal director for the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD), said the new rules will do nothing to solve "a devastating biodiversity crisis that requires an elephant-sized response."
"These are mouse-sized rule changes that continue to treat elephants like commodities," said Sanerib. "We need global change that prioritizes biodiversity over profits."
CBD pledged to "do everything we can to fight threats to imperiled elephants from trophy hunting."
The new restrictions were announced almost exactly three years after the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) reassessed protections for elephants, and found that poaching for ivory and habitat loss over several decades had pushed two elephant species closer to extinction.
The African forest elephant is now "critically endangered" and the African savanna elephant is now listed as "endangered." Before 2021, the two kinds of African elephants were treated as a single species and were listed only as "vulnerable."
The Obama administration in 2016 imposed a near-ban on the elephant ivory trade.
The following year, then-President Donald Trump infuriated conservation groups by reversing the ban on imported elephant trophies from Zimbabwe and Zambia, a decision he quickly reverse due to the uproar it caused. In 2018, the Republican president said the FWS would begin issuing permits "to import a sport-hunted trophy on a case-by-case basis."
Sanerib on Friday said she and her organization were "crushed this rule doesn't ban trade in elephant hunting trophies to the United States, and it doesn't even require stable elephant populations to allow trophy imports."
"These magnificent animals are globally cherished but under threat," said Sanerib, "and it's high time we stop letting wealthy trophy hunters turn them into décor."
Ojai, California Passes First-of-Its-Kind Law Protecting Rights of Nonhuman Animal
"We commend the Ojai City Council for standing up for what is necessary and just," said an advocate.
Animal rights advocates are applauding this week following a historic vote in the city of Ojai, California, where local lawmakers on Tuesday night adopted an ordinance to recognize the bodily rights of elephants, making it the first U.S. city to recognize the legal rights of nonhuman animal.
The Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) helped develop and lobbied for the new ordinance, which was introduced by Councilmember Leslie Rule and passed in a 4-1 vote.
Under the ordinance, it is now illegal in Ojai to subject an elephant to the lack of freedom endured by an elephant named Tarra, who was held in captivity in Ojai Valley and exploited for entertainment—including a rollerskating act—in the early 1980s before becoming the first resident of the nation's largest elephant sanctuary in 1995.
"This legislation is historic," said Courtney Fern, director of government relations and campaigns for NhRP. "It's indisputable that elephants suffer when deprived of their freedom and that animal welfare laws can't end their suffering. For elephants and the nonhuman animal rights movement, we are proud to support this first-of-its-kind ordinance, and we commend the Ojai City Council for standing up for what is necessary and just."
"We have known for some time that elephants have strong empathetic responses to one another's condition."
The new law stems from researchers' findings that "elephants are similarly situated to humans, as they have long-term memories, learning abilities, empathy, and self-awareness," according to the city council.
"We have known for some time that elephants have strong empathetic responses to one another's condition," Mark Scott, interim Ojai city manager, told KTLA. "I am glad that we are able to make this statement supporting the place of these noble creatures in our world."
NhRP expressed hope that the ordinance "will be the first of many such laws: introduced by elected officials who understand that a sustainable and just future for all life on Earth means extending compassion to and establishing legal rights for nonhuman animals."
"In legislatures, in courtrooms, and beyond, that's what this movement is about," said the group.
Josh Jowitt, senior lecturer on natural and animal rights at Newcastle Law School in the United Kingdom, said the ordinance should not be dismissed as pertaining to "just one city."
"It may not seem much," said Jowitt, "but this decision means that U.S. courts can no longer claim there is no precedent in the country for explicitly recognizing an elephant's right to bodily liberty."
How Elephants, Climate Change, and Hope Connect at a New York City March
Later this week I’m going to NYC to join the March to End Fossil Fuels, because we can’t save biodiversity without halting the climate crisis.
The following is part of a series of opinion pieces Common Dreams is publishing in the lead-up to the March to End Fossil Fuels on Sunday, September 17 in New York City. Read the rest of the series and our complete coverage here.
I work to combat the extinction crisis, fighting for a future in which elephants and giraffes as well as monarchs and northern long-eared bats still roam in nature. I do it because we’re at risk of losing 1 million species to extinction, many in the coming decades. I don’t want to live in that lonely world or leave it for future generations.
Later this week I’m going to New York City to join the March to End Fossil Fuels, because we can’t save biodiversity without halting the climate crisis. And we can’t truly curb climate change without healthy biodiversity. That work starts by transitioning off fossil fuels and ramping up clean, renewable energy.
Every fraction of a degree of global heating matters for people, nature, and a livable future. It’s all tied together.
Each day wildlife like sage grouse and lizards are threatened as we raze their habitats in our quest for more fossil fuels.
One example: Like the Amazon basin, the rainforests of west and central Africa are key for sequestering carbon and saving biodiversity. But if those ecosystems lose critically endangered forest elephants—a keystone species—they’ll sequester 6 to 9% less carbon. That’s because elephants are amazing gardeners. They consume low-carbon weeds for food and disperse and plant high-carbon seeds.
When nature is intact and functioning, it can help us all.
Elephants are far from the only species at risk. We’re losing the animals and plants that pollinate our food, clean our water, and bring us joy. These are the species that inspired our myths and stories, and each loss further unravels the fabric of life upon which we all depend. Each day wildlife like sage grouse and lizards are threatened as we raze their habitats in our quest for more fossil fuels.
While habitat loss and exploitation are currently driving biodiversity loss, climate change will overtake them unless we make drastic, systemic changes. If we fail, the species and ecosystems we desperately need to reduce the harm from generations of fossil fuel use will vanish forever. And if we continue to yank on the string of species extinctions in this manner, the fabric of life as we know it will simply cease to exist.
This isn’t a distant crisis. As this summer of deadly fossil fuel-charged climate disasters has shown, the climate emergency is here at home, and it’s not going away. The East Coast was engulfed in smoke from wildfires this summer, provoking empathy for Western populations that now routinely live with the effects of climate-induced burning landscapes.
Heat domes, atmospheric rivers, and other climate-related events are becoming part of our vernacular as we struggle to cope with what our continued reliance on fossil fuels is doing to our planet. We’ve brushed ash from our plants and watched mountain glaciers retreat and wondered what will happen to the fish in our rivers, the birds in the sky, and our own families—as well as the frontline communities who first face climate-induced destruction of their homes.
But there are so many hopeful signs, here and across the world. Methane gas is being banned for new construction in many U.S. cities. More heat pumps, electric vehicles, and rooftop solar panels are popping up all over the United States. There’s a growing market for induction cooktops—now we’re cooking with magnets, not coal or gas. It’s the wave of the future.
Of course, there’s still so much to do. It shouldn’t take three days to get from the West Coast to New York by train. Changes like a nationwide high-speed rail network will fuel the renewable economy and renewable energy transition we so urgently need.
Our chants will echo through the streets as we declare that when life on Earth is under attack, we stand up and fight back.
I also have hope because we are starting to wake up to how interconnected our world truly is. My organization is working to restore sea otters to more of the Pacific coast. Amazing in their own right, sea otters also help the ocean’s kelp forests thrive, which in turn help the ocean sequester carbon and cope with our changing climate.
None of this will matter if we don’t rapidly and justly phase out fossil fuels. For that, we need President Joe Biden to be a true climate leader, declare a national climate emergency, and speed the end of the fossil fuel era using his ordinary executive and emergency powers. As the leader of the world’s top producer of the oil and gas driving this crisis, Biden has more power than anyone on Earth to confront the climate threat.
That’s why I’ll be joining thousands of people across the country on the streets of New York September 17 to urge Biden to phase out fossil fuels, which are driving the climate catastrophe and wildlife extinctions.
The march comes days before United Nations Secretary General António Guterres’ landmark Climate Ambition Summit, which will welcome countries that agree not to approve any new fossil fuel projects. It’s imperative that Biden make that pledge but also that he commit to the funding, technology transfer, and capacity-building needed to obtain global agreement. The United States’ historic and current role in the climate and biodiversity crises requires nothing less.
Indeed, it’s this U.S. role that is driving many of us to take to the streets on Sunday. People from all walks of life, from the young to the young at heart, will be letting Biden and the world know we demand an end to the fossil fuel era. Our chants will echo through the streets as we declare that when life on Earth is under attack, we stand up and fight back.
Like the web of life, climate change and the extinction crisis are connected. A livable future requires that we fight like hell against both of them.