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The anti-poverty charity Oxfam on Tuesday denounced the European Union's updated list of tax havens, which one expert at the group called a "whitewash" for removing one of the world's most infamous offshore safe harbors while exempting offenders in Europe.
"The current list makes the E.U. a hypocrite as major tax havens in Europe like Malta and Luxembourg escape."
The E.U. list of "noncooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes"--first published in 2017 in an effort to address rampant tax evasion--now includes Anguilla, the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos.
American Samoa, Fiji, Guam, Palau, Panama, Samoa, Trinidad and Tobago, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Vanuatu remain on the list, while Bermuda was removed.
"How can anyone give this list any credibility? Bermuda is one of the world's worst tax havens with its zero corporate tax rate. Yet, the E.U. took it off the list after it made a few woolly promises to reform," said Oxfam E.U. tax expert Chiara Putaturo said in a statement.
"To add insult to injury, major European tax havens like Luxembourg are not on the list because all E.U. countries receive an automatic free pass," she added. "This is not a blacklist, it is a whitewash."
\u201c\u203c\ufe0f Review of EU #taxhaven\u2019s list remains a total whitewash \u203c\ufe0f\n\n"Bermuda is one of the world\u2019s worst tax havens with its zero corporate tax rate. Yet, the EU took it off the list after it made a few woolly promises to reform" added @ChiaraPutaturo \n\nhttps://t.co/5wZFP4SCTM\n#ECOFIN\u201d— Oxfam EU (@Oxfam EU) 1664877910
As the Panama Papers, Pandora Papers, OpenLux, and other investigative reports revealed how capitalist enterprises and the global superrich use offshore havens to avoid taxation--often through the use of shell companies--the European Commission last year launched an initiative "to fight against the misuse of shell entities for improper tax purposes."
However, Oxfam and others denounced the initiative--which excluded financial service firms--as inadequate while E.U. proposals to crack down on evasion and fraud have faced formidable obstacles, including from European countries like Luxembourg, Malta, and Ireland that have been called tax havens.
"Nothing has changed," said Putaturo, who argued that the E.U. "should automatically blacklist zero- and low-tax rate countries and hold European countries up to the same level of scrutiny as non-European countries."
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Noting the "free pass" given to members of the 27-nation bloc, Putaturo said that "the current list makes the E.U. a hypocrite as major tax havens in Europe like Malta and Luxembourg escape the list while countries outside Europe like Eswatini and Botswana risk being blacklisted."
"Stronger criteria could stop the industrial levels of tax dodging by the world's richest and corporates," she added. "Governments and ordinary people are facing the cost-of-living crisis. Ending tax havens could provide the much-needed hundreds of billions in revenue as the world's superrich would have to pay their fair share."
A massive trove of documents, data, and recorded phone calls showing how British company Formations House works to hide money for the superrich is being reported on by journalists all over the world, with the first stories dropping at midnight on Wednesday.
The reporting is being done under the name "29 Leaks," a reference to Formations House's original address at 29 Harley Street in London. The data was leaked to the group Distributed Denial of Secrets over the summer.
"It takes a concerted effort from a large number of people to make substantive headway on an investigation like this, in which a large amount of data needs to be quickly processed and examined," Claire Peters, executive director of the Pursuance Project, toldUnicorn Riot on Tuesday.
Peters and Pursuance Project outreach director Annalise Burkhart led a team of reporters from around the world uncovering and detailing the information stored in the huge, roughly 100 GB-sized trove of data.
"Formations House was the perfect example of a 'one-stop shop' for creating legal entities that serve as fronts for fraudulent operations and money laundering," said Burkhart. "In only a matter of days, a client could purchase offshore companies bundled into packages touting minimal compliance requirements, tax-free operations, and anonymity for directors and shareholders."
"It's hard to overstate how notorious and suspicious the firm is," Boing Boing wrote of Formations House when the leak's existence became public in July.
According to Unicorn Riot, reporting from the data will have an international scope:
Formations House has been the subject of international scrutiny for years, and the #29Leaks documents have been under investigation for some time. It is expected that news stories in Central America, Africa and Europe will examine information drawn from this set of leaks. The use of Formations House-managed companies to move money around between offshore and private banking centers like Luxembourg and other parts of the world is among the main themes of this dataset. Other documents expected to be covered in detail show how the African nation of The Gambia is commonly used to create banks and insurance companies on paper for wealthy people in other continents, which Formations House and related parties package and facilitate.
On Tuesday The Times of London showed, via undercover reporting, how Formations House sets up shell companies for its clients.
\u201cToday's front page splash with the @thetimes: The family-run business behind a global web of shell companies, banks and tax havens used by mobsters and scammers. Watch our undercover sting: https://t.co/KGdnZUNI5R #29Leaks\u201d— Christian Eriksson (@Christian Eriksson) 1575452042
McClatchy reported on how Formations House helped Iran's national oil company avoid sanctions. The Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Projectdetailed schemes across Eastern Europe. The Economic Times, meanwhile, dug into the comapny's Pakistani-British management.
More reporting will come, said the Pursuance Project's Peters.
"There's much more work to be done with this data," said Peters, "we're only at the beginning."
Maltese Prime Minister Joseph Muscat announced Sunday that he intends to step down soon amid protests demanding his immediate resignation, which intensified over the weekend after a businessman who allegedly has ties to the government was charged with complicity in the murder of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.
Caruana Galizia, who reported extensively on government corruption and was widely known for her work related to the Panama Papers, was killed by a car bomb explosion near her home in Malta on Oct. 16, 2017. The investigation into her death has drawn global attention to the small Mediterranean island nation. Some of the reporter's surviving relatives are among those who have called for Muscat to leave office.
\u201cAmazing. Malta's PM Muscat tonight steps down following incredible (& moving) scenes of protests in Valletta. Huge kudos & support to @mcaruanagalizia @pcaruanagalizia & @acaruanagalizia in this v important landmark in their long fight for justice for their mother, Daphne\u201d— Carole Cadwalladr (@Carole Cadwalladr) 1575229157
In a televised address Sunday night, Muscat said that he will resign as leader of Malta's governing Labour Party on Jan. 12 and resign as prime minister "in the days after." Until then, "I will continue to carry out my responsibilities" for both positions, Muscat said, adding that he is "ensuring stability in the leadership of the country."
The outgoing leader--who has not been directly connected to the plot against Caruana Galizia--struck a tone that was described by reporters as "defensive" and "defiant" in some comments about the ongoing murder probe and criticism of Malta's institutions.
"As prime minister, I promised two years ago that justice would be done in the case of the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia," he said. "Today I am here to tell you that I kept my word." Muscat also said that "our institutions are strong and they function. Shame on anyone who ridicules them as he or she is ridiculing our country."
The Times of Maltareported that although Muscat's address "came just hours after several thousand protestors gathered in Valletta calling for his immediate resignation to ensure justice" for Caruana Galizia, "the prime minister did not make any references to mounting calls to leave at once."
Caruana Galizia's family responded Sunday to Muscat's delayed resignation in a statement which said in part, "His continued tenure as prime minister is intolerable to anyone who cares about justice."
"His role in the investigation into our wife and mother's assassination is unlawful," the family's statement said. "Until he resigns, we will use all legal remedies to ensure Muscat has no further involvement in the investigation and criminal proceedings, other than as a possible suspect."
Muscat's announcement came after prosecutors on Saturday hit a wealthy Maltese businessman with various charges related to Caruana Galizia's murder.
\u201cYorgen Fenech charged with being complicit in the murder of #DaphneCaruanaGalizia. \n\nThe charges: \n\n\u2022 Conspiring to commit a crime \n\u2022 Being an accomplice in Daphne Caruana Galizia's murder\n\u2022 Conspiring to commit murder\n\nFollow developments here: \n\nhttps://t.co/ILZ5Mv7Wh2\u201d— Diana Cacciottolo (@Diana Cacciottolo) 1575142507
As the New York Timesreported:
The arraignment of the businessman, Yorgen Fenech, a member of one of Malta's most prominent and richest families, capped a tumultuous week in which a long-stalled investigation into the murder of the journalist, Daphne Caruana Galizia, suddenly picked up pace, ensnaring senior members of the government and Malta's business elite.
Mr. Fenech, 38, who is suspected of paying three contract killers to carry out the murder, pleaded not guilty. He was arrested on Nov. 19 while trying to flee Malta aboard his yacht. Maltese military personnel halted the vessel as it set out to sea from a marina built by Mr. Fenech's family conglomerate, Tumus Group, and forced it to return to port.
Earlier this week, Fenech--who is seeking a pardon from Maltese President George Vella--claimed to police that Keith Schembri was the real mastermind behind Caruana Galizia's murder. As the Times of Maltaexplained, "Schembri served as the prime minister's chief of staff until late Monday, when he resigned before being called in for questioning on Tuesday morning. Police officers were spotted seizing items from his Mellieha home later that day."
Along with Schembri, "two ministers who are also suspected of possible involvement in, or knowledge, of the plot" resigned this week, the New York Times reported. However, unlike the Fenech, none of the ex-officials have been charged in the case.
The alleged contract killers--Vince Muscat (who is not related to the prime minister) and brothers Alfred and George Degiorgio--were arrested in December 2017. On Thursday, Reuters published an exclusive report on a "previously untold account of the plot to kill Daphne, a contract killing that earned the killers just 150,000 euros."
\u201cAstonishing long read on the contract to kill Daphne by the brilliant @StephenGrey #DaphneCaruanaGalizia https://t.co/dhjzvp24dw\u201d— John Sweeney (@John Sweeney) 1574950468
According to Reuters, Vince Muscat "revealed these sensational details to the police in April 2018, in the hope of getting a pardon," which the prime minister has so far refused. Details of the confession were obtained by the new agency "last year but were not published until now to avoid damaging the investigation."
Despite Vince Muscat's reported confession, Reuters noted, "the brothers continue to deny Daphne's murder and have declined to answer police questions."