SUBSCRIBE TO OUR FREE NEWSLETTER
Daily news & progressive opinion—funded by the people, not the corporations—delivered straight to your inbox.
5
#000000
#FFFFFF
5
#000000
#FFFFFF
plastics industry association
Big Oil, Plastics Industry Led 'Campaign of Deception' to Push Recycling Fraud
"The oil industry's lies are at the heart of the two most catastrophic pollution crises in human history," one advocate said.
Feb 15, 2024
The petrochemical industry—including major oil companies like ExxonMobil—knew for decades that recycling was not a sustainable solution to the problem of plastic waste, yet continued to promote it in order to avoid regulation and deceive consumers into continuing to buy and use their products, a report released Thursday by the Center for Climate Integrity reveals.
The report, titled The Fraud of Plastic Recycling: How Big Oil and the Plastics Industry Deceived the Public for Decades and Caused the Plastic Waste Crisis, includes newly disclosed industry documents proving that companies and trade groups knew that plastics could not be recycled indefinitely in the 1980s and 90s even as they launched a massive public relations campaign to sell voters and policymakers on the process.
"This evidence shows that many of the same fossil fuel companies that knew and lied for decades about how their products cause climate change have also known and lied to the public about plastic recycling," Center for Climate Integrity (CCI) president Richard Wiles said in a statement. "The oil industry's lies are at the heart of the two most catastrophic pollution crises in human history."
Plastic pollution is a major environmental and public health crisis. If current trends continue, plastics are expected to outweigh fish in the ocean by 2050, and the toxic fumes from plastic production facilities and incineration are a major environmental justice hazard for frontline communities. Humans in general also ingest an estimated credit-card's worth of plastic each week, with unknown but potentially serious health impacts.
Recycling is often touted as a solution for keeping plastic out of the environment, but this has proven to be ineffective and insufficient: More than 90% of the plastics disposed of between 1950 and 2015 were either burnt, sent to landfills, or dumped into the environment. There are several technical and economic reasons why plastic recycling doesn't work at scale. Plastics lose quality as they are recycled and can only really be reused once or potentially twice. The decline in quality also means that recycled plastics are more likely to leach toxins added during production or picked up from other waste items. Economically, it is cheaper to produce new plastics than recycle older ones, and only two types of plastic—PET and HDPE—actually attract markets that will recycle them.
The industry has long been aware of these limitations. In 1969, the American Chemical Society declared, "It is always possible that scientists and engineers will learn to recycle or dispose of wastes at a profit, but that does not seem likely to happen soon on a broad basis."
"We are committed to the activities, but not committed to the results."
Despite this, petrochemical companies and their trade groups began to push plastic recycling in the 1980s and 90s as a response to growing public concern over plastic waste, and the threat that this would lead to bans on plastic products.
"No doubt about it, legislation is the single most important reason why we are looking at recycling," Wayne Pearson, the executive director of industry front group the Plastics Recycling Foundation and a DuPont marketing director, said in 1988.
The plastics industry used various strategies to sell the public on recycling, according to the report. These included:
- Funding front groups to promote recycling;
- Running ad and PR campaigns;
- Investing in recycling research to convince the public that it was taking action;
- Setting unrealistic internal recycling goals;
- Writing educational material promoting recycling to school children;
- Advocating for "advanced recycling," a term for breaking plastics down to chemical components that can theoretically be reused but are not in practice; and
- Claiming, against evidence, that recycling can be part of a "circular economy."
CCI provides new evidence that, while the industry was employing these strategies, it was simultaneously aware of recycling's limitations.
For example, a report from the Vinyl Institute trade group concluded in 1986 that "recycling cannot be considered a permanent solid waste solution, as it merely prolongs the time until an item is disposed of."
In 1994, Exxon Chemical Vice President Irwin Levowitz told employees of the American Plastics Council that "we are committed to the activities, but not committed to the results."
CCI argued that the petrochemical industry should face legal consequences for its "campaign of deception" similar to suits brought against tobacco and opioid companies.
"When corporations and trade groups know that their products pose grave risks to society, and then lie to the public and policymakers about it, they must be held accountable," Wiles said. "Accountability means stopping the lying, telling the truth, and paying for the damage they've caused."
CCI vice president of legal and general counsel Alyssa Johl added: "Big Oil and the plastics industry's decades-long campaign to deceive the public about plastic recycling has likely violated laws designed to protect consumers and the public from corporate misconduct and pollution."
"Attorneys general and other officials should carefully consider the evidence that these companies defrauded the public and take appropriate action to hold them accountable," Johl said.
Keep ReadingShow Less
For Plastic Free July, the US Gov Should Hold Polluters Accountable
Federal legislation is needed to establish a strong national strategy to hold plastic producers responsible for reducing their plastic footprint.
Jul 26, 2023
Every summer the Alliance for the Great Lakes’ Adopt-a-Beach program mobilizes thousands of volunteers across eight states to collect trash from the Great Lakes shorelines. To date our volunteers have collected over half a million pounds of trash, of which 85% is plastic. The problem with plastic pollution, aside from its volume, is that it doesn’t really go away. It breaks down into much smaller pieces—microplastics—which have been found in our drinking water, our fish, and even in human tissue. Our concerns over the health effects of microplastics is one reason why the Alliance observes “Plastic Free July,” which is a worldwide effort to reduce the use of single-use plastics and to develop alternatives to reduce plastic waste.
Earlier this year the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its Draft National Strategy to Prevent Plastic Pollution, which we were happy to see. The draft strategy, for which the public may provide comments until the end of this month, contains a host of recommendations to reduce, reuse, collect, and capture plastic pollution in order to reduce the use of single-use plastics and create a circular lifecycle for plastics currently in use. One of the strategy’s primary goals is to eliminate plastic pollution in the environment by 2040. While EPA’s draft strategy is a good start, the EPA will need to strengthen its accountability measures if they want to actually limit plastic pollution and the harm it causes.
Given that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development estimates that plastics pollution will triple worldwide by 2060, and with only about 9% of plastics currently recycled, the need for action is long overdue.
We encourage everyone to urge the EPA to establish a strong and accountable strategy for keeping our waterways free of plastic-associated pollution.
The EPA’s draft strategy is ambitious but, critically, entirely voluntary, and not sufficiently focused on producer responsibility to reduce plastic at its source. The EPA currently expects that businesses, citizens, and other stakeholders will work together to achieve a plastics-free environment by 2040 just because it’s the right thing to do. This voluntary approach is naïve and likely to be unsuccessful in ridding the environment of plastics.
The Plastics Industry Association has already vigorously opposed federal legislation to ensure that plastic pellets are not released into our waterways. With that opposition still in recent memory, it is hard to believe that the plastics industry would get behind voluntary efforts outlined in EPA’s strategy to do the same.
Instead, federal legislation is needed to establish a strong national strategy to hold plastic producers responsible for reducing their plastic footprint. This legislation should include specific targets for source reduction of single-use plastic; establish uniform standards and approaches to dealing with the challenges posed by single-use plastics and plastic waste; and adopt standardized drinking water monitoring programs.
Presently there is no consensus in Congress on dealing with plastic pollution, although recent hearings on plastic pollution in the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee are encouraging. Sen. Richard Durbin (D-Ill.) recently reintroduced the Plastic Pellet Free Waters Act which will significantly benefit the Great Lakes and other states by requiring the EPA to prohibit the discharge of plastic pellets and other pre-production plastics into waterways. This legislation is a good start to rid our waterways from the threats posed by microplastics.
In addition, Sen. Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.) is likely to reintroduce his Break Free From Plastic Pollution Act, which would also aim to reduce plastic pollution in our environment and encourage reuse and recycling efforts.
As the Alliance continues our work to protect the Great Lakes and ensure access to clean drinking water for over 40 million Americans, we encourage everyone to urge the EPA to establish a strong and accountable strategy for keeping our waterways free of plastic-associated pollution. Congress also needs to follow through on EPA’s strategy with effective federal legislation to establish a strong national strategy to reduce plastic pollution at its source. If we can do that, hopefully during next year’s Plastic Free July we’ll be marveling at just how far we’ve come.
Keep ReadingShow Less
Most Popular