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"By nominating RFK Jr. and Mehmet Oz," said one public health expert, "Trump is giving his middle finger to science."
If confirmed to be the next U.S. secretary of health and human services, anti-vaccine activist Robert F. Kennedy Jr. could be working "closely" with another official who's infamous for his questionable health guidance: Dr. Mehmet Oz, who President-elect Donald Trump on Tuesday nominated to run the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Trump said in a statement that if confirmed, Oz would "cut waste and fraud within our Country's most expensive Government Agency"—a plan that advocates for Medicare said would be carried out by privatizing the healthcare program that serves more than 66 million senior citizens.
As The Lever reported in 2022, Oz aggressively pushed Medicare Advantage plans on his show, The Dr. Oz Show, airing one segment about the insurance agency MedicareAdvantage.com and urging viewers to sign up for the program via a hotline. Insurance companies that offer Medicare Advantage plans are notorious for requiring "prior authorization" for doctors to provide certain medical procedures, subjecting patients to deceptive marketing, and harming senior citizens.
Considering his opposition to traditional Medicare, Matt Stoller of the American Economic Liberties Project said Oz "is not a good pick for a very powerful position in charge of a trillion dollars of healthcare spending."
The advocacy group Social Security Works noted that plans to "completely privatize Medicare" are also in Project 2025, the far-right policy agenda that Trump repeatedly tried to distance himself from while campaigning.
"Hands off our earned benefits!" said the group.
With Trump's support, Oz unsuccessfully ran to represent Pennsylvania in the U.S. Senate in 2022. The president-elect said Tuesday that if confirmed, Oz would work closely with Kennedy "to take on the illness industrial complex."
Kennedy's proposals for doing so include halting research on drug development, removing teeth-strengthening fluoride from drinking water, and firing Food and Drug Administration employees who have waged a "war on public health" through the "suppression" of the veterinary drug ivermectin and raw milk, which has been associated with disease outbreaks.
Oz has spent years peddling health advice, half of which University of Alberta researchers found to be "baseless or wrong" in a 2014 study published in the British Medical Journal. He promoted a study claiming coffee bean weight loss pills would "burn fat fast for anyone," but the research was later retracted. Oz also claimed that eating certain foods like red onion and endive could reduce a person's cancer risk by up to 75%, leading one paper published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer to assert, "Reality Check: There is no such thing as a miracle food."
Oz has also maintained close ties to multi-level marketing companies that promote products like vitamins with false claims about their ability to treat, cure, or prevent diseases.
"Dr. Oz is unfit to run CMS," said Lawrence Gostin, director of the O'Neill Institute at Georgetown University. "He peddles conspiracy theories on vaccines and fake cures. He profits from fringe medical ideas."
"By nominating RFK Jr. and Mehmet Oz," he added, "Trump is giving his middle finger to science. Having worked for 40 years in public health, it's utterly disheartening."
The U.S. "has always accepted that we are the country that overpays relative to the rest of the world," said one health policy expert.
The Biden administration's Medicare drug price negotiations yielded lowered costs for 10 commonly used drugs, and the White House said last month that Americans would save an estimated $1.5 billion in out-of-pocket expenses thanks to the talks—but an analysis out Tuesday found that the U.S. will still be paying far more than other wealthy countries.
Reuters reviewed the maximum prices that Australia, Japan, Canada, and Sweden have agreed to pay for nine of the 10 drugs for which Medicare negotiated prices this year, and found that the U.S. will still be paying more than double the amount for the medications on average.
The new prices are set to go into effect on January 1, 2026, but two of the highest prices the U.S. will still pay are for Imbruvica, for blood cancers, and Stelara, for conditions including Crohn's disease and psoriasis.
Medicare will be charged $9,319 for a 30-day supply of the latter drug, compared to $4,607 in Sweden. For Stelara, the U.S. will pay $4,695 under the negotiated prices—more than four times the amount it costs in Sweden, Australia, and Canada.
For Enbrel, which treats conditions including arthritis, Medicare will pay $2,355 per month—far less than the list price of $7,106, but still more than $1,000 over what Sweden is charged: $709. Australia pays $573, while Canada pays $704, and Japan pays just over $300 for the drug.
"The government negotiations are especially significant for drugs where market forces were most limited and therefore had the least impact on producing price concessions."
Stacie Dusetzina, a professor of health policy at Vanderbilt University, told Reuters that the U.S. has "always accepted that we are the country that overpays relative to the rest of the world."
The analysis comes two weeks after the Brookings Institution published a review of the impact of the United States' first federal negotiations of prescription drug prices, finding that just three of the drugs which had little competition in the market accounted for more than half of the $6 billion the U.S. is expected to save in 2026.
"The government negotiations are especially significant for drugs where market forces were most limited and therefore had the least impact on producing price concessions," said Brookings.
Reuters noted that in other countries, prices generally come down over time, but U.S. drugmakers are able to raise prices annually and often extend patents by making small changes to medications, stopping less expensive generic versions from hitting the market and saving patients money.
Unlike in other wealthy countries, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health scientist Mariana Socal told Reuters, "the longer a drug is in the U.S. market, the more we pay."
With previous list prices well into the hundreds and thousands for the 10 drugs included in negotiations so far, Medicare agreed to pay close to $200 for a 30-day supply for drugs including Xarelto, Jardiance, and Farxiga—medications for which other governments examined by Reuters pay $78 or less, thanks to their longstanding negotiations.
The RAND Corporation found in a study in February that before the Medicare negotiations were included in the Inflation Reduction Act, U.S. health plans paid more than three times as much as other countries for brand-name drugs, even after discounts.
"A contributor to higher U.S. per capita drug spending is faster uptake of new and more expensive prescription drugs in the United States relative to other countries," wrote researchers at the London School of Economics in a study in 2013. "In contrast, the other OECD countries employed mechanisms such as health technology assessment and restrictions on patients' eligibility for new prescription drugs, and they required strict evidence of the value of new drugs."
The researchers suggested pharmaceutical companies in the U.S., like in other countries, should be required "to provide more evidence about the value of new drugs in relation to the cost" and negotiate prices accordingly.
As Merith Basey, executive director of Patients for Affordable Drugs, said in August after the results of the first round of negotiations were announced, advocates are still pushing for far more savings in upcoming talks between Medicare and drug manufacturers, which are expected to start next year.
"We remain committed to expanding the Medicare negotiation program to more drugs," said Basey last month, "and fighting for additional reforms to lower drug prices for all patients who need relief."
"Trump's Project 2025 agenda will take us backward and leave more Americans sick, uninsured, and burdened with crushing medical debt."
Congressional Democrats marked Medicare's 59th anniversary on Tuesday by releasing a tool showing the potential district-by-district impact of Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump's proposal to roll back the Inflation Reduction Act, a law that
capped insulin costs for seniors at $35 a month.
The new tool, produced by Democrats on the House Budget Committee, allows users to plug in their address, ZIP code, or district to view how a repeal of the 2022 law would affect the costs of insulin and other medications.
In Pennsylvania, for instance, "830,000 seniors and people with disabilities in Pennsylvania" would have to "pay an average of $470 more every year for prescription drugs" if Trump and the right-wing groups behind Project 2025 get their way.
Project 2025's sprawling policy document—which at least 140 former Trump administration officials helped craft—calls for the "repeal of massive spending bills like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)."
"These programs are lifelines for millions of Americans, but the Trump-Vance ticket and their extreme allies threaten to cut funding."
Nationwide, Democrats on the House budget panel estimate that a repeal of the IRA would raise drug costs for at least 18 million seniors.
Project 2025 would also "make Medicare Advantage the default enrollment option" for seniors—a step toward the
total privatization of Medicare.
"For 59 years, Medicare and Medicaid have served as a critical lifeline for seniors, families, children, Americans with disabilities, and so many others," Brendan Boyle (D-Pa.), ranking member of the House Budget Committee, said in a statement Tuesday. "Unfortunately, extreme MAGA Republicans have a different, darker vision for our healthcare system."
"Trump's Project 2025 agenda would repeal the lifesaving provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act, raise premiums on seniors, and risk their access to doctors and services under Medicare," Boyle continued. "House Republicans' budget plans show they are 100% on board with Trump's Project 2025 agenda, which will give Big Pharma a windfall while putting the tens of millions of Americans who get their health coverage through Medicare, Medicaid, and the [Affordable Care Act] on the chopping block."
"Make no mistake," he added, "Trump's Project 2025 agenda will take us backward and leave more Americans sick, uninsured, and burdened with crushing medical debt."
Since President Joe Biden signed it into law, Trump has repeatedly assailed the IRA, calling it a "mammoth socialist" law and signaling that he would work to dismantle it should he win another four years in the White House.
While Trump and Republican lawmakers have postured as defenders of Medicare and Social Security—the GOP's 2024 platform vows to "fight for and protect Social Security and Medicare with no cuts"—their actions while in positions of power belie their rhetoric.
Trump proposed major cuts to Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid programs during each of his first four years in the White House, and a congressional panel comprised of three-quarters of the House Republican caucus released a budget blueprint last year that called for raising the retirement age—which would cut Social Security benefits across the board.
As recently as March, Trump declared in an interview that "there is a lot you can do... in terms of cutting" programs like Social Security and Medicare. The former president later tried to walk back the comments.
Sen. JD Vance (R-Ohio), Trump's running mate, once described Social Security and Medicare benefits as "the biggest roadblocks to any kind of real fiscal sanity."
"These programs are lifelines for millions of Americans, but the Trump-Vance ticket and their extreme allies threaten to cut funding—just like Trump proposed every year of his presidency—and undo the Biden-Harris administration's work to lower prescription drug costs for seniors," Alex Floyd, rapid response director for the Democratic National Committee, said Tuesday. "Trump and Vance's Project 2025 agenda to leave our seniors high and dry is destructive, extreme, and deeply unpopular—which the American people will make clear when they reject it in November."
Ammar Moussa, a spokesperson for Vice President Kamala Harris' presidential campaign, echoed that sentiment, calling Trump "the biggest threat to Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security since their inception."
"He tried cutting Social Security and Medicare every single year he was in office," Moussa said Tuesday. "There is only one candidate in this race who will protect and expand earned benefits programs that millions of Americans rely on—Vice President Harris."